Full Stack Java Development

This lesson introduces students to Java, where it came from, why it’s so popular, and what makes it unique.
They’ll learn the difference between the JVM, JDK, and JRE, understand Java’s platform independence, and explore IDE options like IntelliJ, Eclipse, and VS Code.
On the practical side, they’ll install the Java JDK, set up their environment, configure an IDE, and write their very first Java program from scratch.

In this lesson, students will learn the basic building blocks of Java programming.
They’ll understand how Java’s syntax works, how to name and use variables, and the difference between primitive and non-primitive data types.
Through hands-on practice, they will declare, initialize, and print variables of different types, explore type conversion, and work with constants building a strong foundation for writing Java programs.

Operators are special symbols in Java used to perform actions like calculations, comparisons, and decision-making.
Expressions combine variables, values, and operators to produce a result.
Together, they form the core of how Java processes and evaluates data in a program.

In this lesson, we’ll explore how to make decisions in code and how to repeat tasks efficiently.
By the end, you’ll be able to:

• Use if and switch to make choices.

• Use loops (for, while, do-while, and for-each) to repeat actions.

• Combine decisions and loops to make your programs smarter.

Discover how to store and manage multiple values efficiently using arrays, and work with sequences of characters using strings. Learn array creation, indexing, and traversal, as well as string operations like formatting, comparison, and extraction, to handle text and data more effectively in Java.

In this lesson, you’ll learn:

• What a Class is in Java.

• What an Object is and how to create one.

• Why Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) makes software easier to build and maintain.

In this lesson, you’ll learn:

• What Inheritance is and why it’s important in Java.

• How Method Overriding works to change behavior in subclasses.

• Real-world examples and rules you must follow.

In this lesson, you’ll learn:

• What polymorphism means in programming.

• The two main types in Java – Compile-time and Runtime.

• How they are achieved with overloading and overriding.

• Why polymorphism makes code more flexible and maintainable.

In this lesson, you’ll learn:

• What abstraction means in programming.

• How abstract classes and interfaces help achieve abstraction in Java.

• The rules, benefits, and real-world examples of each.

In this lesson, you will learn how to protect data inside a class using encapsulation and how to control visibility with Java access modifiers.

• Encapsulation: keep fields private; expose safe methods (getters/setters).
• Access Modifiers: public, private, protected, and default (package-private).

In this lesson, you will learn how to initialize objects with constructors and how to share data or behavior across all objects using static members.

In Java, you can place one class inside another. This is called a nested class. When it’s not static, it’s called an inner class. Nested classes help you keep related code together, improve readability, and control access to certain parts of your code.

In this lesson, you will learn about the Object class, which is the parent of all classes in Java, and wrapper classes that convert primitive types into objects. You’ll understand why they exist, where they are used, and how to work with them effectively.

In this lesson, you will learn what exceptions are, their types, and how to handle them effectively in Java using try, catch, finally, throw, and throws.

In this lesson, you will learn about the Java Collections Framework – a set of classes and interfaces that help store, manage, and manipulate groups of objects efficiently. We will explore three core collection types: List, Set, and Map.

In this lesson, you will learn about Generics in Java – a feature that allows you to create classes, interfaces, and methods with type parameters. Generics make your code safer, reusable, and eliminate unnecessary type casting.

In this lesson, you will learn about the Streams API introduced in Java 8, which allows you to process collections in a functional programming style. Streams provide a clear and concise way to manipulate data using intermediate and terminal operations.

In this lesson, you will learn about Lambda Expressions and Functional Interfaces introduced in Java 8. Lambda expressions make your code more concise and readable by allowing you to write functionality as a method argument without creating a separate class.

In this lesson, you will learn how to handle files in Java using I/O Streams. You will understand the difference between Byte Streams and Character Streams, and learn best practices for reading and writing files safely.

In this lesson, you will learn the basics of JDBC (Java Database Connectivity), the Java API that allows applications to connect to and interact with relational databases. You will understand its purpose, key components, and see a basic example of connecting to a database and executing queries.

In this lesson, you will learn about the different types of JDBC drivers and how to set up JDBC for connecting to a MySQL database. This includes understanding which driver type is best for modern applications and the steps to configure your Java project for database connectivity.

In this lesson, you will learn the step-by-step process of connecting a Java application to a MySQL database using JDBC. You will understand the basic workflow, from loading the driver to closing the connection, and see a practical example in action.

In this lesson, you will learn how to perform basic CRUD operations (Create, Read, Update, Delete) in Java using JDBC. We will explore both Statement and PreparedStatement, with a focus on why PreparedStatement is preferred for better security and performance.

In this lesson, you will learn about two important JDBC interfaces — PreparedStatement for executing parameterized SQL queries securely and CallableStatement for calling stored procedures in a database.

In this lesson, you will learn how to manage database transactions in Java using JDBC. We will cover the concept of transactions, the ACID properties, and how to control transactions using setAutoCommit(false), commit(), and rollback().

In this lesson, you will learn how to work with the ResultSet object to retrieve and navigate through query results, as well as how to use metadata classes to get information about the database and query results.

In this lesson, you will understand what a web application is, how it works, and the role of the HTTP protocol in communication between clients and servers. We will also explore the most commonly used HTTP methods.

In this lesson, you will learn what a Servlet is, how it works in a Java web application, and the complete lifecycle of a servlet. You will also understand how to handle HTTP requests and responses effectively using servlet annotations

In this lesson, you will learn how to handle HTML form data in Java Servlets using the GET and POST methods. You’ll also see how to retrieve user inputs from the request object and process them in your application.

In this lesson, you will learn how Java web applications manage user sessions using Cookies and HttpSession. You’ll understand when to use each method, how data is stored, and how to maintain user-specific information across multiple requests.

In this lesson, you will learn the basics of JavaServer Pages (JSP) and JSP Standard Tag Library (JSTL). You’ll understand how JSP makes it easier to create dynamic web pages and how JSTL helps reduce Java code inside HTML by using predefined tags.

In this lesson, you will learn how to use JSP Directives to configure page behavior and include resources, and how Expression Language (EL) makes it easier to access and display dynamic data in JSP pages without writing Java code directly.

In this lesson, you will learn how the Model-View-Controller (MVC) design pattern works in Java web applications using Servlets and JSP. You’ll see how MVC separates application logic, presentation, and request handling, making applications cleaner, more modular, and easier to maintain.

In this lesson, you’ll be introduced to the Spring Framework, one of the most popular and powerful frameworks for building enterprise-level Java applications. You’ll learn about its core features, advantages, and how it simplifies application development by allowing developers to focus more on business logic rather than infrastructure setup.

In this lesson, you’ll learn how Inversion of Control (IoC) and Dependency Injection (DI) are core concepts of the Spring Framework. These principles simplify object creation and management by letting the Spring container handle dependencies instead of doing it manually in your code.

In this lesson, you’ll explore how Spring manages the lifecycle of a bean—an object controlled by the Spring IoC container. You’ll learn the sequence of events from bean creation to destruction, and how to hook into these events for initialization or cleanup tasks.

In this lesson, you’ll learn what Spring Boot is, why it’s popular, and how it simplifies Java application development. You’ll also explore its key features like auto-configuration, starter dependencies, and embedded servers that allow you to run apps without complex setup.

In this lesson, you’ll learn how to build REST APIs using Spring Boot. You’ll understand how to map HTTP requests to Java methods using annotations and how to return JSON or other data formats to the client.

In this lesson, you’ll explore the most commonly used Spring Boot annotations and how they help in configuring your application. These annotations allow you to quickly set up beans, inject dependencies, and load configuration values without writing boilerplate code.

In this lesson, you’ll learn how to manage exceptions in a centralized way in Spring Boot applications. By using @ControllerAdvice and @ExceptionHandler, you can make your code cleaner, provide consistent error responses, and separate exception handling from the core business logic.

Learn how Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) bridges the gap between Java objects and database tables, allowing you to work with data using Java code instead of complex SQL queries. Explore Hibernate, the leading ORM framework, to simplify CRUD operations, manage relationships, and boost performance with features like caching and lazy loading.

See how Spring Boot’s Spring Data JPA makes Hibernate setup almost effortless. You’ll point Spring to your database with a few application.properties entries, let auto-configuration wire Hibernate for you, and enable handy options like schema updates and SQL logging—so you can focus on entities and repositories, not boilerplate.

Learn how to connect your Java classes with database tables using entity mapping in Hibernate. Understand how relationships like One-to-One, One-to-Many, and Many-to-Many define how data is linked across tables, enabling you to model real-world scenarios in your applications with clear, maintainable code.

Master the art of fetching and manipulating data in Hibernate with two powerful approaches: JPQL, an object-oriented query language that works with entities instead of raw tables, and Native Queries, which let you run direct SQL for full database control when needed.

Learn how to perform database actions effortlessly using Spring Data JPA’s JpaRepository. With built-in methods like save(), findById(), findAll(), and deleteById(), you can handle create, read, update, and delete operations without writing boilerplate SQL or query code.

Learn how to ensure data quality in your Spring Boot applications using built-in validation annotations like @NotNull, @Size, @Email, @Min, and @Max. See how adding @Valid in your REST APIs automatically triggers these checks, preventing invalid data from ever reaching your business logic.

Build the foundation of modern web development by learning HTML5 for creating well-structured, semantic webpages and CSS3 for styling and responsive layouts. Explore powerful features like <audio>, <video>, and <canvas> in HTML5, along with Flexbox, Grid, animations, and media queries in CSS3 to create engaging, mobile-friendly designs.

Learn how JavaScript brings web pages to life by adding interactivity and dynamic behavior. Understand the Document Object Model (DOM) to access and modify HTML elements using methods like getElementById, querySelector, and properties like innerText and style for real-time content and style changes.

Discover how to make web pages respond to user actions such as clicks, hovers, and key presses. Learn to use addEventListener for clean, efficient event binding, enabling you to create interactive, user-friendly experiences without cluttering your HTML code.

Learn how to communicate with servers in JavaScript using the Fetch API for making HTTP requests. Simplify asynchronous code with async/await, making it easier to read, write, and debug while handling data from APIs smoothly.

Get started with React.js, the powerful JavaScript library for building interactive, component-based user interfaces. Learn how JSX blends HTML-like syntax with JavaScript and how reusable components make development faster, cleaner, and easier to maintain.

Understand the building blocks of React: Components for creating reusable UI pieces, Props for passing read-only data into those components, and State for managing dynamic data that changes over time enabling interactive and data-driven interfaces.

Learn how to connect your React apps to real-world data sources by fetching information from APIs using fetch or axios inside useEffect. Store the results in state and render them dynamically, creating interactive, data-driven user experiences.

Discover how to link your React frontend with a Spring Boot backend by making HTTP requests to REST APIs. Use fetch or axios in React to call backend endpoints, receive JSON responses, and seamlessly render the data for a smooth full-stack integration.

Learn how CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing) enables your frontend and backend to communicate securely across different domains or ports. See how to configure it in Spring Boot using @CrossOrigin or a custom CORS filter, and understand why restricting allowed origins is crucial for protecting your APIs in production.

Master form handling in React using controlled components, where form fields are tied to state via value and onChange. Learn how to capture user input, manage it in state, and send it to the backend with POST requests for seamless data submission.

Learn how to handle file transfers in a full-stack setup by sending files from React to Spring Boot using FormData for uploads, and delivering file streams from the backend to trigger browser downloads—enabling smooth document, image, and media handling in your applications.

Understand how to secure your full-stack applications using JWT (JSON Web Token) authentication. The backend issues a token upon successful login, the frontend stores it (commonly in localStorage), and sends it in Authorization headers for API requests—while Spring Boot validates it to protect secured routes.

Discover how to manage large datasets efficiently by combining backend support for page, size, and sort query parameters with a React frontend that updates state for pagination, search, and filters—ensuring faster loads, better performance, and a smoother user experience.

Learn the final steps to take your full-stack app live. Build your React app (npm run build) to generate static files, serve them via Spring Boot’s /resources/static or a web server like Nginx, and package your backend as a .jar for deployment to your production server.

Learn how to manage and track your code changes with Git, and collaborate seamlessly using GitHub to store and share repositories online. Master essential commands like git init, git add, git commit, git push, git branch, and git merge to keep your projects organized and version-controlled.

Understand how Maven and Gradle streamline Java project development by automating compilation, testing, packaging, and dependency management. Learn the differences between Maven’s XML-based pom.xml approach and Gradle’s flexible Groovy/Kotlin DSL build.gradle setup to choose the right build tool for your needs.

Learn how Docker packages your Java applications along with all dependencies into lightweight, portable containers. Discover the benefits of easy deployment and consistent environments, and see how to create a Dockerfile, build a Docker image, and run it as a container for hassle-free Java app deployment.

Understand how Continuous Integration (CI) ensures every code change is automatically built and tested, and how Continuous Deployment (CD) delivers those changes to production seamlessly. Get introduced to Jenkins, the widely-used automation server that powers end-to-end CI/CD pipelines for faster, more reliable software delivery.

Lesson Preview – 
Learn how to take your Java applications live on the cloud using AWS EC2 for full control over a virtual machine or Heroku for simplified, managed deployment. Follow the steps to package your app as a .jar, upload it to the server, and run it with java -jar for instant online access.

Learn how to keep your applications healthy and reliable after deployment by using Spring Boot Actuator for health checks, Prometheus + Grafana for real-time performance monitoring, and Logback or the ELK Stack for powerful logging, search, and visualization of application logs.

Bring all your skills together by building a complete React + Spring Boot application from scratch. Develop the frontend with routing, forms, and API integration, build a secure backend with JPA, JWT, and validations, connect to MySQL/PostgreSQL, containerize everything with Docker, set up a CI/CD pipeline in Jenkins, deploy to AWS or Heroku, and add monitoring with health checks and logging for a truly production-ready solution.

Guidance in Mini Project